bradshaw



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. W. H. BRADSHAW.

PLOW.

No. 406,023. Patented July 2, 1889.

W/T/VES 8: INVENTOH:

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

W. H. BRADSHAW.

PLOW.

No. 406,023. Patented July 2, 1889.

WITNESSES:

IIVVENTOH:

By g UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFIcE.

. \VILLIAM II. BRADSHAXV, OF ORANGE, NElV JERSEY.

PLOW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 406,023, dated July 2, 1889.

Application filed October 16, 1888.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM II. BRADSHAW, of Orange, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and Im proved Plow, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to a plow, and has for its object to provide a simple, comparatively inexpensive, and efficient machine of this class, which will plow land in laterally-ex tending furrows of any required length, width, or depth as the machine is drawn over a field, and a plow which will leave the land in good condition to receive the seed and so that it requires comparatively little harrowing to fit it for planting.

The invention consists in certain novel fea tures of construction and combinations of parts of the plow, all as hereinafter described and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming apart of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a plan view of my improved plow. 2 is a rear view thereof. Fig. Sis a longitudinal vertical sectional elevation of the plow, and Fig. 4.- is a rear perspective view of a preferred form of mold-board or cutter for use with the machine.

The main frame A of the machine is preferably made quite heavy and in rectangular general form with two cross-bars a a, all being shown as made of rolled iron bars; but the frame maybe made of cast-iron in one piece or of any preferred arrangement of metal and wood bars or parts, as the size of the machine or the conditions of its use may require. The frame is supported by suitable boxes I) b on an axle l3, sustaining heavy ground-wheels C C, which are provided with internal gears or racks D at the inner faces of their rims, the outer faces of which are formed with ribs 0, which give the wheels a goodhold on or in the ground, and prevent slip of the wheels from which the power for operating the laterally-reciproeating mold-board or cutter is derived, hereinafter more fully explained.

Across the frame A, and in front of the axle B, is journaled in suitable boxes e a Serial No. 288,202. (No model.)

shaft E, which at its ends carries fixedly a couple of pinions F F, which mesh with the internal gears D l) of the wheels (l and on the shaft are fixed .two clutches or half clutches G G, with which correspomling clutches II II, splined to the shaft, are normally engaged by springs h 7!, placed between them and collars 71 71' on the shaft. 'lhese clutches are arranged to allow the shaft E to be driven from either of the wheels (t by its interineshing gear and pinion I) l should one of the main wheels overrun the other in turning corners or in overriding an obstruction in the :field or for any other cause, and thus prevent damage to the gearing. hen the machine moves straight ahead, the shaft E is driven by the intermeshing gearing at both the ground-wheels.

The driving-shaft E carries a bevel gearwheel I, which meshes with a bevel-pinion .l, which is fast on a short shaft K, jeurnaled in boxes I Z on a bed-plate or block L, lixed to the cross-bar a of the frame. The gear-wheel I is preferably splincd to the shaft l3), and its hub has an annular groove receiving the fort; of; a shipping-lever f, fulerumed on the frame, and whereby the wheels I J maybe disengaged to allow the machine to travel on the road without operating the nmld-board. or cutter. At its rear end the shaft It carries an arm M, which rotates with the shaft, and at its outer part is preferably provided with a lengthwise slot 011, which receives the wrist; pin or part n of a stud N ,\\'hieh is held to the arm by a washer and nut 91., and carries at its rear eml a guide-block "22 which lOOSPl) enters a slot 0, made in a verticall vranging yoke-bar O, which is securely lixcd to a heavy bracket orhead-piece P, which in turn is tixed to the upperpartrof the plow-stoek t, which is fitted to slide or reciprocate laterally of the machine in a guide or raceway s, formed in a heavy cross bar or frame S, which at its ends is fitted, preferably by dovetail connections, to vertically-ranging guide bars or plates a (L2, lixed to or forming parts of the main frame.

It will be seen in Fig. 3 of the drawings that the plow-stock has large shoulders r 1", which lap on the under side of the cross bar or frame S, and that the head-block L also overlaps the frame at both sides of the raceway s; and Fig. 2 of the drawings shows that the head 1' of the plow-stock is very broad and heavy, so that the stock will be well sustained against pressure brought upon it by the torsional strains induced by the lateral reciprocations in the soil of the mold-board or cutter which it carries, and the cutter will be held to its work without any great tendencies of the plow-stock to bind in its raceway, thus assuring the comparatively easy working of the machine.

The guide frame or bar S has at its center a rearward projection,which also, preferably,

has a dovetail form,and is fitted to slide vertically in projections a of the frame crossbar a. The guide S also has afixed nut .9, into which is threaded a vertical screw T, which is held against endwise or vertical movement by a collar and hand-wheel 25' t, which are fixed to the screw below and above a cap-plate a on the projection a The handwheel is in convenient reach of a driver or attendant on a seat U, supported bya'springstandard a, or otherwise, from the rear cross bar or part of the main frame, on which is also provided a foot-board u for the driver. I am not limited to a mold-board or cutter of any particular form, and held to the stock R to enter the earth, as the stock is laterally reciprocated, and the preferred form of the mold-board V, which I show attached. to the stock, I will hereinafter more particularly describe.

It is manifest that with the above-described construction, and as the machine is drawn forward by horses hitched to singletrees w, connected to the tongue A on the frame A by the evener V or otherwise, the rotation of the main wheels 0 will revolve the shaft E much more quickly, and this shaft will through the gearing rotate the shaft K an d its arm M, and the arm, by the travel of its block n in the slot 0 of the vertical yoke 0 fixed to the plowstock, will cause the lateral reciprocation of the mold-board or cutter V in the ground, the cutter moving in a zigzag or diagonal course from side to side, due to the advance of the machine during the reciprocation of the cutter. By shifting the block-stud N and the block a nearer to or farther from the armshaft K the extent of lateral reciprocation of the plow cutter or mold-board may be controlled to cut lateral furrows from one foot or less to four feet or more in length, and each lateral movement of the mold-board or cutter either way will turn over three inches, more or less, of ground. In other words, the plow will cut a lateral furrow of any required length from one to four feet and about three inches in width as the machine moves over the field. By turning the screw T the guide or raceway S and the connected plow stock and cutter may be adjusted to gage to a nicety the depth at which the cutter shall work in the soil, and this last-named adjustment may be made by the driver without stopping the machine.

The plow-cutter V shown is made with two points 1/" 0;, extending reverse ways and laterally of the machine, and the shank 1) of the cutter is made broad to easily resist the strains brought upon it in use. The cutter has no landside; but the extreme forward edges 4;? c of both the points or mold-boards lie about in the same vertical plane with the cutter-shank v, while the inner parts of the points curve or extend gradually rearward sufficiently to nicely turn over the more or less narrow lateral furrow cut by them, and thus leave the ground in condition without v harrowing or other cultivation to receive seed for certain crops, and always reducing the labor required to harro'w the soil. It will be noticed that the mold-board or cutter having no landside will easily enter the ground and keep its slightlyfiliagonal course during the reciprocating movem nts of the cutter in either direction.

As before stated, any other suitable form of mold-board or cutter may be used on the plow-stock R, a somewhat or nearly straight double edged blade, for instance, as will readily be understood.

It is obvious that the outer end of the arm M may carry a head piece or yoke to engage a solid vertical bar held to the plow-stock, this construction being the full mechanical equivalent of the slotted yoke and guideblock herein shown and described.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, in a plow, of a supporting-frame, a laterally-rotating arm thereon, a vertically-ranging yoke or guide engaged by the arm, a lateral guide or raceway on the frame and to which the yoke is fitted for lateral reciprocation by the arm, and a doublepointed plow connected to the yoke and moving laterally with it a like distance each way from the axis of motion of the rotating arm, substantially as herein set forth.

2. The combination, in a plow, of a frame supported on wheels, a laterally-rotating arm on the frame and geared for operation by or from the wheels, a vertically-ranging yoke or guide engaged by the arm, a lateral guide or raceway on the frame and to which the yoke is fitted for lateral reciprocation by the arm, and a double-pointed plow connected to the yoke and moving laterally with it a like distance each way from the axis of motion of the rotating arm, substantially as herein set forth.

3. The combination, in a plow, of a support ing-frame, a laterally-rotating arm thereon, a vertically-ranging yoke or guide engaged by the arm, a lateral guide or raceway on the frame and to which the yoke is fitted for lat eral reciprocation by the arm, and a double pointed plow having. no landside and connected to the yoke and moving with it a like distance each way from the axis of motion of the, rotating arm, substantially as herein set forth.

4. The combination, in a plow, of a frame supported on wheels, a laterally-rotating arm 011 the frame and geared for operation by or from the wheels, a vertically-ranging yoke or guide engaged by the arm, a lateral guide or raceway on the frame and to which the yoke is fitted for lateral reciprocation by the arm, and a double-pointed plow having no landside and connected to the yoke and moving laterally with it a like distance each way from the axis of motion of the rotating arm, substantially as herein set forth.

5. The combination, in a plow, of a main f ra m e,wheels supporting it and provided with gears, a lateral shaft E on the frame and carrying pinions meshing with said gears, a shaft K, ranging about at right angles to the shaft E, and gearing driving it from said shaft, a lateral raceway or guide held to the frame, a plowstock fitted for lateral reciprocation thereon, a vertical yoke or guide held to the" plow-stock, and an arm held to and rotated by the shaft K and having a sliding connection with the Vertical yoke or guide on the plow-stock, substantially as herein set forth.

(I. The combination, in a plow, of a main frame, wheels supporting it and provided with gears, a lateral shaft E on the frame and carrying pinions meshing with said gears, a shaft K, ranging about at right angles to the shaft E, and gearing driving it from said shaft, a vertically-adjustable raceway orguide held to the frame, a laterally-movable plow-stock fitted to said raceway, devices, substantially as described, for vertically adjusting the raceway, a vertical yoke or guide held to the plowstock, and an arm held to and rotated by the shaft K and havinga sliding connection with the vertical yoke or guide on the p10\ -stock, substantially as herein set forth.

7. A plow made with a laterally-rotating arm, a lateral raceway or guide, a plow-stock held thereto and provided with a vertical yoke or guide, said arm having a head or block adjustable 011 the vert-icalyoke or guide for varying the extent of lateral reciprocation of the plow mold-board or cutter, substantially as herein set forth.

8. A plow made with a laterally-rotating arm, a laterally-extending and vertically-adjustable raceway or guide, a plow-stock held thereto and provided with a vertical yoke or guide, said arm having a head or block connecting it with the Vertical yoke or guide of the plowstock, substantially as described, whereby the depth of working of the plow cutter or mold-board may be regulated by raising or lowering the lateral raceway or guide of the plowstock, as herein set forth.

9. The combination, in a plow, of a supporting-frame, a lateral raceway or guide held thereto for vertical movement and provided with a nut s, a vertical guide a on the frame, and a screw T, held to said guide a and engaging the nut s, for adjusting the lateral raceway vertically, a double-pointed plow connected to the yoke and moving laterally with it, and a laterally-rotating arm 011 the main frame engaging the plow-supporting yoke to reciprocate the plow laterally, substantially as herein set forth.

VILLIAM H. BRADSHAlV.

\Vitnesses:

HENRY L. GooDwIN, C. SE'oGwIcK. 

